steam engine torque vs diesel

Five engineers have followed in Porta’s footsteps. SAR Class 26 #3450, named “LD Porta” is The locomotive is 15.5 feet tall. Although I'm a Steam buff, and it appears my loyalty is slipping, I The engineer also has to watch the gauges, particularly one called the sight glass, to make sure there’s enough water in the system. You still have about two more months to get to Durango and have a look for yourself. But has anything changed on the steam side that would alter the outcome, even with the advancements in diesel technology over the same time period? Found inside – Page 128While Lear projects no costs figures for brandy, he does for kerosene and diesel oil. “Going" with whatever fuel is cheapest ... Again, the steam engine's inherent high torque over nearly its full rpm operating range precludes stalling. Very large, slow-turning diesel engines like the one shown here, aboard the MV Union Jack, are capable of producing mountains of torque at relatively low horsepower. In a traditional locomotive firebox, coal is burned with 90 percent primary air coming through the firebed and 10 percent secondary air entering above the fire. It’s basically how many pounds of rail car a steam engine can haul behind it. Boiler washouts are increased to a nine to 12-month cycle from a 10 to 30-day cycle. Found insideThe book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. The steam versus diesel simulation comparisons were made on the Norfolk Southern Pocahontas District between Bluefield and Williamson, West Virginia, and BNSF Railway Clovis Subdivision (a section of the Transcon), between Clovis and Vaughn, New Mexico. Diesel engines generate more hp at lower RPMs than gas . The locomotives range in tractive effort from 27,000 pounds in a K27 to 37,000 pounds in a K37 (see how the names work?). A modern AC traction diesel is almost 36 percent thermally efficient at the drawbar, by comparison. Found inside – Page 96This same characteristic , or course , makes the steam engine admirably suited to a number of other nonpersonal vehicles ... 71 diesel engine and operating at 1,000 p.s.i. steam pressure , it would be possible to obtain a maximum torque ... We didn’t get to ride up in the locomotive, but we did get to talk to the people who do. Various methods of separating this . There is a limit for the number of cycles per minute that could provide with a steam driven reciprocating . 2-10-0 of 1978  with the assistance and concurrence of Shaun McMahon and Nigel Day. The 1949 “Argentina,” was a 2,100 DBHP, 4-8-0 steam locomotive with a  Engine is self-starting (can operate at 1 rpm up to 3600 rpm). Most modern diesel engines deliver a ' flat-curve ' torque. I understand the result like this: One large motor has the torque and power of 5 aircraft engines because 20% throttle to kill aircraft engine at 100% and both turn just as fast with a 1:3 gearbox on the motor at 20% throttle. Construction wise the steam turbine is much simpler than a diesel engine. A few steam engines try the mighty county 1884 in a tug of war At ballymena steam engine show Northern IrelandWho wins the battle ? The above facts should lead to a re-examination of the prevailing view that steam locomotives are more expensive to maintain than diesels. Porta’s two classifications for modern steam locomotives were Second Generation Steam and Third Generation Steam Locomotives. With aircraft engine off it did 60 RPS at 100% throttle and 12 RPS at 20% throttle. Horsepower might be the stat that everyone cares about, but accessible torque does wonders for drivability. endstream endobj 874 0 obj <>stream The steam engine had made the Industrial Revolution possible, but it was inefficient, bulky, and tiresome to operate. This observation is true when comparing 1920’s design, heavily-worn locomotives utilizing poor servicing facilities to new first generation diesels, which was the case of the comparison when America dieselized. Diesel circa 1958 International TD-15 Series 150: IH D-691: 6-cylinder: Straight-six engine: 691 cu in (11.3 litres) 80-170 hp Diesel 1954 International TD-18A: IH DT-466: 6-cylinder: Straight Turbo-charged: 466 cu in (7.6 litres) 140-210 hp Diesel 1972 TD-15 C Crawler tractor IH DT-817: 6-cylinder: Straight: 817 cu in (13.4 litres) 230-375 hp . On fast trains on the BNSF from Clovis to Vaughn, NM, horsepower was equated allowing three steam locomotives to match the performance of four diesels. Found inside – Page 49The Diesel engine compares with an ordinary automobile engine in that it has a constant torque , constant speed ... the Diesel engine was connected direct to the driving wheels ( as is the case with the conventional steam locomotive ) ... Four engine modes have been modeled. The present dramatic performances of the Diesel engine, which is playing such an important part in railroad, marine, bus, truck, and power plant development, makes the story back of the early work on this engine again of interest.... .. Found insidePiston Engine-Based Power Plants presents Breeze's most up-to-date discussion and clear and concise analysis of this resource, aimed at those working and researching in the area. The roughly 8 year ESL for a Diesel- electric road unit . The use of wood chips from tree farms would be carbon neutral. Today this wouldn’t be the case, due to better design and low fuel cost. Derivation of Tractive Force, Single Cylinder Steam Engine Example. ��S%�-��d@�wWYÎ���*����\��A>ziq��ҝ�Wň��sf�S��Ll��+~Fa������ph�� �9#TY�� 5��%"6���^���E+�#���OŹ@�xI�D{��������]. On the way down gravity is doing most of the work, so we always had a saying on the railroad that you were underpaid on the way up and overpaid on the way down.”. This information could probably be determined experimentally by measuring power output vs RPS, but it's a little tedious to make the setup and . Surprise! The default curve peaks at 1100-1400 (I'd long suspected it was around 1000-1500). 0 In the last 30 years of US steam (1930-1960), the typical steam locomotive had a thermal efficiency of about six percent, meaning that for every 100 BTU’s of coal burned, six BTU’s of horsepower were produced. 100.66 Miles) Shaun McMahon photo. The Lempor Exhaust is two or more times as efficient as the classic US design, with efficiency defined as the amount of draft it can create for each psi of backpressure on the cylinders. Found inside – Page 270APPLICATION AND USE OF THE DIESEL ENGINE The Diesel engine is now used in almost all places where the steam engine or turbine could be used . The starting torque is poor and it operates best at constant speed . This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. A Third Generation steam locomotive in the form of a five cylinder, 2-8-8-2 could match the performance of an ES44AC. Found inside – Page 1050Current technology probably now permits the development , manufacture , and sale of steam engine systems which have ... 6V - 71 diesel engine and operating at 1,000 p.s.i. steam pressure , it would be possible to obtain a maximum torque ... This method would make it easier for the railway to use existing facilities and maintenance operations without having to create too many new specialised processes. If the feasibility study shows promise in steam, then a prototype modern steam locomotive should be built and tested. This idea eventually manifested itself on our shores in the Transcontinental Railway in 1869, linking the Old East with the New West. One hundred or 200 years ago when human beings realized the huge mechanical advantages of expanding steam, combined with the greater efficiency of steel wheels rolling on steel tracks, all of a sudden you had the Industrial Revolution. It is possible to run the car on a `rolling road' dynamometer to measure the power output at the driving wheels instead. Found inside – Page 3-151 0.75 0.5 Negative Positive (compression) (power) 0.25torquetorque 0 0 −0.25 −100° −50° 50° 100° FIGURE 3.19 P.U. ... The flexible coupling that mechanically connects the diesel engine to the alternator (it might also contain a ... A comparison of modern steam and diesel in the Class I railroad environment He worked for the PLM Railway from 1921 to 1924 but was not appreciated by his superiors. Characteristics such as slow fuel burn and high compression produce greater torque. The Durango & Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad (DSNGRR) in Colorado runs six live steam engines carrying tourists between Durango and the 19th Century mining town of Silverton. In 1969, Porta Water Treatment (PT) was developed as an outgrowth of advanced treatment used on the railways of France, TIA Water Treatment, (1940.) /2M�ש��g�"��g�z�U0�R&��� T�P���` Important benefits can be attributed to the use of PT. Over the first five years, the estimated cost to install fueling and routine maintenance facilities, but not heavy maintenance facilities, is $1.7 billion. The collected evidence would show that the steam versus diesel argument is not decided, as conventional wisdom would suggest. I suspect that the explanation is really more mundane. “Typically the coal is arranged in a large heel shape, which is kind of the back of the smoke box tapering off into the front where it’s a little bit thinner.”, “A lot of that has to do with the way a locomotive drafts or pulls air through the firebox.”. Torque is defined as a twisting force that causes … We may earn money from the links on this page. New Jeep Engines: 3.0L EcoDiesel vs 3.6L Pentastar eTorque #FWOTY20 New Jeep engines are the big news for 2020 . GPCS can burn essentially any reasonable combination of solid fuels, such as firewood logs, sawmill rejects, sugar cane waste, many coals, charcoal fines mixed with oil, petroleum coke, biomass and waste products. This took the form … Power plants have had automated boiler controls for years, and the use of this type of control on any US locomotive would be necessary to prevent the need for a fireman and would undoubtedly be needed to meet environmental compliance. The use of PT and GPCS, with a properly designed boiler, lead to a virtual elimination of boiler maintenance. Engine can even reverse itself. But diesel engines produce way more torque. Diesel engines, which needed less maintenance, had 95 percent availability. In a Steam … This is less than the power at the flywheel because of frictional losses in . This beast generates 850 - 1000 lb-ft of torque. (NOX) emissions are very low. This makes diesel engines high torque rather than high horsepower, and that tends to make diesel cars slow in terms of acceleration. Journey on a high-class steam train or diesel engine and be transported back to the early 20th Century. The coal I priced has a BTU content of 14373 BTU's / lb, so we get 47190 BTU's per dollar spent on coal. The dashed line is the bottom of the coal space angled to the stoker trough. For urban driving, where stopping and starting . In a similar manner, direct . Found inside – Page 1050Current technology probably now permits the development , manufacture , and sale of steam engine systems which have relatively ... weight / horsepower ratios comparable to diesel engines , and greatly superior torque characteristics . Putting it in different positions is going to create a little bit of a gear ratio.”. Steam Versus Diesel. The steam locomotive would utilize triple expansion, having one high pressure and one intermediate pressure cylinder on one engine group and three low pressure cylinders on the other engine group. “Steam locomotives are some of the most powerful engines ever made,” said Jamie Ryan, who has worked in many capacities for the Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad in Durango, Colo. “It’s really incredible the amount they can pull.”. The best analogy is that the traditional steam locomotive was like a runner breathing through a soda straw, while Chapelon let the locomotives breathe properly, and efficiency doubled. Right now a lot of the tourists are gone and the leaves are starting to change colors. To put a finer point on cost, let's take a look at a coal burning steam engine vs. an infernal combustion diesel locomotive. While it is tempting to suppose that the key to the similarity in takeoff and climb performance between the Lycoming- and Thielert-powered versions of the 172 and the Warrior lies in the diesel's superior torque, in fact both engines deliver about the same torque—around 300 pound-feet—to the propeller. Hours, Steam – Loaded coal from Williamson to Bluefield, WV – Norfolk Southern (5:17:15 Four men continue work on modern steam: Phil Girdlestone of Girdlestone & Associates of South Africa; Shaun McMahon, currently working for the Rio Turbio Railway and the National Institute of Industrial Technology in Argentina; Nigel Day of Modern Steam Technical Railway Services of Wales; and Roger Waller of Dampflokomotiv-und Maschinenfabrik AG (DLM) of Switzerland. Stuart A. Bourdon Author. Steam Engine vs Steam Turbine. The steam, in addition to being part of the chemical reaction, keeps the firebed below the ash fusion temperature, vastly reducing the formation of clinkers. (At night they run off cleaner-burning sawdust pellets.) To be properly staged, the modern tractor should weigh as much as the old one and the connecting tow line must be level or parallel to the ground. Re: Steam Engine Torque Curves. The rail line runs up the Animas River Canyon, one of the most scenic railroads anywhere, and finishes in the Old West town of Silverton, which still has most of the 19th century red stone buildings it had back when it was founded. high power-to-weight ratio of 1 HP to 65 pounds. A computerized traction control system that restricts steam being exhausted from the cylinders to prevent a wheel slip from occurring could be used on a modern steam locomotive. Found inside – Page 393The reciprocating steam engine with variable cut - off control has a very desirable torque characteristic compared with the spark ignition gasoline engine ( Figure 3 ) . With a properly designed steam engine it would not be necessary to ... Diesel engines are seriously under-square and are very reliable and efficient, especially when they are run at a constant speed and temperature. The Norfolk and Western had two hydraulic ash plants built by United Conveyor Corporation which continues to produce ash handling equipment for the power generation industry. Also, the 2-8-8-2 would have a fuel and water range six percent greater than the ES44AC, due to its low fuel consumption and large tenders. Diesel – Loaded coal from Williamson to Bluefield, WV – Norfolk Southern (5:42:45 In addition, the lifecycle costs of the 25NC were cheaper than the comparable SAR diesel. Take note that torque provides a vehicle with the ability to pull loads and accelerate. Let the nose drift out wide to make the most of the smooth kerbs, and let the engine revs drift up to the redline, and with little effort you can put together a tidy lap that beats the diesel's time by three seconds. On heavy tonnage trains, one steam locomotive was used for each diesel. See all 6 photos. The steam engine had made the Industrial Revolution possible, but it was inefficient, bulky, and tiresome to operate. Torque plays an integral role in illustrating what a car can do. US Class I railroads use a computer simulation model to simulate capacity and train performance. The two usual conditions under which Internal combustion engines are operated are: Constant speed with variable load, and; Variable speed with variable load . The successor to the Lempor, the Lemprex Exhaust, which should be more efficient, began its development under Porta in the 1980’s and is under development by Shaun McMahon and others today. This means that a race car engine can run much faster -- up to 15,000 RPM in a Champ Car engine -- but has relatively little torque. Also, H. F. Brown of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers produced a study showing that the steam locomotive was significantly cheaper than the diesel in the post World War II US period. Diesel has 147,000 BTU's per gallon, so we get 44545 BTU's per dollar spent on . Found inside – Page 2111 shows graphically how the available heat of the fuel is dis- 6° tributed in a Diesel engine on various loads. ... Whereas electric locomotives & have an absolutely constant torque, the tractive force of steam and motor locomotives ... Knowing engine RPS and torque is only really useful if this kind of information is available somewhere. Get an inside seat and you can still walk around a little. Found insideTo a railroad manager, the diesel is the dream locomotive because it maximizes productivity regardless of speed. The implications of a “universal” ... The steamer's pull was limited by uneven torque. The diesel's pull was limited by the ... Further, some clever version of the Toyota (Prius) "synergy" drive, whereby a diesel generator and the . The performance of the diesel engine means power and efficiency. Delight in a Dining . Naturally aspirated diesels can run as high as 24:1 !! •GASOLINE and diesel engines have been preferred prime movers for motor vehicles during a period of many years. 1500 rpm onward. The answer was the internal combustion engine, with diesel-powered engines being one alternative, and petrol-powered engines being the other. %PDF-1.6 %���� The Class I railroads have standardized on the Berkeley Simulation Software Rail Traffic Controller or RTC rather than on other competing simulation programs. The 2-8-8-2 described above would cost 10 percent of the cost of an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) equipped diesel locomotive sitting at idle. When it goes to the left, the fireman has to look out. There’s something of an art to shoveling, though. Pulls like a locomotive! The K28 locomotive is designed to operate at 190 to 200 psi. One on the left side and the other on the right side of the locomotive. The … The longer fire cleaning interval is due to GPCS combustion using steam jets underneath the firebed, which keeps the fire below the ash fusion temperature of the coal so the amount of clinker formation is minimal. All six of the working locomotives and most of the rail cars are between 80 and 100 years old, representing the tail end of steam power in America. To double the efficiency of the steam locomotive, he used higher boiler pressure, about 290 PSI, and higher steam temperatures, about 750 degrees In light of this fact, the steam versus diesel argument shouldn’t be over. �G�� �~彀�@v�V�ۮa�-�z#`)z-q���� ��� ꜒T��}ij='�A�_��vl����!�$Ak:b2���+��2�n&\yR�a��W55�z���K�1r�j�cV$�T���p���|��N���԰��?Kw~k���^e���k}����ߺ�O��Z(�(�Ԩ�hy��5X�& 1~KG�) ���ͮ�N�͍���I�w����I��vϤ�u���Р�i"�:��S�$~�����(�/E_1`��QԈ��F'6d�3����4�3�|��Y9I��Ì���ʕ9ȕ���e�Q� U�[_�;��!v\��R�ތ�,�{Y���;7սQ���$�d��h��on�ٻ�� 28.18) (Anon, 2007). This model was used to compare the performance and fuel consumption of the 2-8-8-2 and the ES44AC. A steam engine has to be kept running 24 hours a day. For . Steam engines, by virtue of providing constant pressure, don't require gearing — you have maximum torque and acceleration instantly, from rest. “The vast majority of boiler explosions are caused by low water levels. Fuel properties Volumetric efficiency Example 4-stroke premixed-charge piston engine 4-stroke premixed-charge piston engine Throttling Throttling Throttling 2-stroke premixed-charge engine 2-stroke premixed-charge engine 2-stroke premixed-charge engine Rotary or Wankel engine Rotary or Wankel engine Rotary or Wankel engine 4-stroke Diesel engine Premixed vs. non-premixed charge engines 2 . Torque is the effective force to produce rotation. Diesel – Trailers from Clovis to Vaughn, NM – BNSF Railway (2:11:54 × 5,252 ÷ rpm. In 1925, he joined the P-O, where management understood his ideas. For a series production diesel engine, a specific torque of … nicknamed “The Red Devil”. You can’t just throw coal under the boiler, the temperature has to be even all around for maximum efficiency. ;6�����ʮ��m�ԛ�l�vk�p�:����l��\�8`�X%�ߝ��d8ҿr3��(��G��Dm����5���m+�讼p]�嫵�D�YEX.�I�Ȋ�9E3U�i4��}"?”U8���"������ 9d�*���T\���k��5��Ҹ�4�\� Fire up and prepare for a whole day touring the best of Britain's countryside aboard the Belmond British Pullman or treat an enthusiast to a thrilling train driving taster. Their designs could form the basis of new facilities. Filmed at the Western Minn. This subpage contains all images relating to said article. A steam locomotive may be thought of as comprising two single cylinder reciprocating double … From 1963 to 1986, the South African Railway (SAR) Class 25NC, a locomotive very similar to the N&W Class J, was 20 percent cheaper to maintain than the comparable diesel. You can operate a diesel engine for about one third the cost of a coal-fired steam engine. The use of GPCS provides impressive environmental benefits. We were glad someone else was responsible for the sight glass. August 24, 2009 12:08PM. The locomotives in the test were used in similar services, and the Class J 4-8-4 had 29 percent lower maintenance costs versus the EMD E6 over the course of the test period. These ash plants used water to automatically move ash from pits underneath the locomotives to dewatering bins and then finally hopper cars for disposal. Power measured like this, with the engine on a test bed, is expressed as a power output at the flywheel. When the train is starting from a dead stop, the bar is farthest back, when it’s up to speed, it’s farther forward. This is the question that will be weighed here. If you run out of water, the whole thing blows up. This evidence shows it is probable that a modern steam locomotive could have maintenance costs that are similar to or less than contemporary diesel locomotives. By John Rhodes. The torque curve is such that a transmission is NOT required. But do go. the torque of the diesel engine must be great to … You think it can pull something? It looked like the end of the line until a guy named Charlie Bradshaw Jr. saw the potential for a tourist railroad running original steam engines on the route. 899 0 obj <>stream This leads to the question of how much money could be saved by the US Class I railroads if they converted to steam. Found inside – Page 6068 68 68 68 68 69 Oil - Electric and 4-8-2 Steam Type 68 OIL - ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES DIESEL DESIGN The earlier installations employed ... 200- speed , high torque equivalent at the driving wheels . hp . locomotives in 1917 and 1918. The full load engine torque curve T e [Nm] is characterized by four points: T 0 - engine torque at minimum engine speed T max - maximum engine torque (peak torque or rated torque) T P - engine torque at maximum engine power T M - engine torque at maximum engine speed. These are Standard Diesel . Every year, from the beginning of May to the end of October, you can step back in history and get a sense of both life in the early West and of the immense power of expanding steam. The primary reason for diesel engines' torque characteristics are due to high BMEP (Brake Mean Effective [cylinder] Pressure). These coaling stations were built by Roberts and Schafer Engineering, which still builds material handling equipment for the mining and power generation industries. Horsepower and torque, along with where each fall on a vehicle's engine rotation per minute (rpm . Hours, By 1882 a Civil War veteran named Gen. William J. Palmer had put in the Durango-Silverton line. Burn rate forms part of it, too, but this is more to do with lower . Found inside – Page 16This diesel , which are major advantages in cold weather . A steam engine's torque and horseSummary . There are , of course , power curves are similar to those of the many more types of propulsion systems gas turbine , but the fuel ... Additionally, engine specific factors such as how recently your oil was changed, whether your engine room is well ventilated, what type of fuel filter you are using and environmental conditions such as humidity, air . Rowed galleys, some equipped with sail, also played an important early role.The … Found inside – Page 167He remarked that the ideal steam locomotive would have a constant torque power unit for each driving axle . ... assembly could be changed out quickly , exactly the type of advantage that the diesel builders were claiming at the time . Diesel engines eventually won favor over petrol engines for a number of reasons, but mainly because they were considerably more . Corners Like It’s On Rails! ǣH�˹���W��lE��]yջm��X_t���Zw�b�#����),(ʅV��M��(q��1�lHB������o*�YK�A�u[�x��{)`Q�h}��w�^@F�HdZ��{m��%��YB�h�b���F>f�E6rJ ��L�]]�}���%ٳЧ[�s��)�_�w!uR Steam Engines vs. Diesel Engines/Gallery. The Thielert engine uses an . 887 0 obj <>/Encrypt 869 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<1927D64FCF436F4C9EB944A138F37987><1A0F15C7FCDE2B4E9845EBC250D9A0D7>]/Index[868 32]/Info 867 0 R/Length 89/Prev 1472960/Root 870 0 R/Size 900/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream When a diesel is done for the day, you switch it off and park it. Those of you who log high numbers of highway miles on a regular basis or need to tow . A Diesel automotive power . The difference is torque is doing the work, while horsepower is how fast that work is being done. Each engine imparting rotation to a common crank shaft, that being the main driving axle of the locomotive. If there is an image that belongs on this article, please insert it on this page. Furthermore, each engine required a regular, extensive overhaul, which meant it was available for work just 35 percent of the time. By comparison, an EMD SD70ACe, an AC traction diesel-electric, has a drawbar thermal efficiency of almost 36 percent. In all the services modeled, the cost savings ranged from 88.2 percent to 90.1 percent, based on ton-miles per dollar of fuel consumption. Found inside – Page 54Torque rise is measured as a percentage of the torque curve change between engine torque at its peak compared to torque ... James Watt (1736‒1819), an engineer who helped make significant improvements to the steam engine, developed the ... This makes your heavy-duty towing a fun experience.
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